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CNC Machining Materials

Find the right metal or engineering plastic for your precision parts. Explore material grades, machining considerations and applications, with a clear path from material selection to verified production.

Short cylindrical metal blank with a bright sawn end face

Aluminum 6061-T6

Material: MetalAluminum

Description

A versatile aluminum alloy for CNC machining, balancing strength, corrosion resistance and a good anodizing response. It is a practical starting point for housings, fixtures and structural components. Specify the temper and stock form, particularly when thin walls or extensive material removal make residual stress important.

Material Properties

Aluminum 6061-T6 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	310 MPa
Yield Strength	276 MPa
Elongation	17%
Brinell Hardness	95 HB

Typical · T6 · 12.7 mm diameter test specimen; elongation over 4D. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Bead Blasting
Anodizing (Type II)
Hard Anodizing (Type III)

Attributes

Lightweight
Corrosion Resistance
Cost Effective

Aluminum 6061-T651

Material: MetalAluminum

Description

The stress-relieved T651 condition of 6061 is commonly specified for machined plate components. Stretching reduces residual stress after solution heat treatment; it does not eliminate distortion during extensive pocketing or thin-wall machining.

Material Properties

Aluminum 6061-T651 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	310 MPa
Yield Strength	276 MPa
Elongation	17%
Brinell Hardness	95 HB

Typical · T651 · 12.7 mm diameter test specimen; elongation over 4D. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Bead Blasting
Anodizing (Type II)
Hard Anodizing (Type III)

Attributes

Lightweight
Corrosion Resistance
Cost Effective

Aluminum 7075-T6

Material: MetalAluminum

Description

A high-strength aluminum alloy for heavily loaded components where weight matters. Review corrosion exposure, protective finishes and the specified temper before choosing it over 6061. Welding and stress-corrosion requirements need particular attention.

Material Properties

Aluminum 7075-T6 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	572 MPa
Yield Strength	503 MPa
Elongation	11%

Typical · Bare T6 stock reference. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Bead Blasting
Anodizing (Type II)
Hard Anodizing (Type III)

Attributes

Lightweight
High Strength

Aluminum 7075-T651

Material: MetalAluminum

Description

A high-strength 7075 plate condition stress relieved by stretching. It is considered for loaded, weight-sensitive components, with machining sequence, corrosion exposure and fatigue requirements reviewed alongside the drawing.

Material Properties

Aluminum 7075-T651 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	572 MPa
Yield Strength	503 MPa
Elongation	11%

Typical · T651 · 12.7 mm diameter test specimen; elongation over 4D. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Bead Blasting
Anodizing (Type II)
Hard Anodizing (Type III)

Attributes

Lightweight
High Strength

Aluminum 2024-T3

Material: MetalAluminum

Description

An aluminum-copper alloy used for strength and fatigue-conscious components. T3 denotes solution heat treatment, cold work and natural aging. Protect exposed surfaces and review joining requirements before choosing it for corrosive service.

Material Properties

Aluminum 2024-T3 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	434–441 MPa
Yield Strength	≥289 MPa
Elongation	≥10–15%

Minimum range by thickness · Bare T3 flat sheet, 0.203–6.32 mm · Long transverse. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Bead Blasting
Anodizing (Type II)
Hard Anodizing (Type III)

Attributes

Lightweight
High Strength

Aluminum 5083

Material: MetalAluminum

Description

A non-heat-treatable aluminum-magnesium alloy considered for marine exposure and welded structures. Plate temper and residual stress influence machining stability; 5083 is not a drop-in replacement for an age-hardened 6xxx alloy.

Material Properties

Aluminum 5083 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	275 MPa
Yield Strength	165 MPa
Elongation	≥12%

H111 extrusion reference, section <25 mm · Elongation minimum. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Bead Blasting
Anodizing (Type II)
Hard Anodizing (Type III)

Attributes

Lightweight
Corrosion Resistance

Aluminum 6063

Material: MetalAluminum

Description

An extrusion alloy used where a near-net profile and surface appearance help the design. Machining commonly adds holes, threads, slots and end features to the extrusion; wall thickness and straightness affect workholding.

Material Properties

Aluminum 6063 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	≥205 MPa
Yield Strength	≥170 MPa
Elongation	≥10%

Minimum · T6 extrusion, section >3.20–12.50 mm · Elongation over 2 in. or 4D. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Bead Blasting
Anodizing (Type II)
Hard Anodizing (Type III)

Attributes

Lightweight
Corrosion Resistance

Round metal stock showing solid circular cut ends

Stainless Steel 303

Material: MetalStainless Steel

Description

A free-machining austenitic stainless steel for turned parts with threads, bores and fine details. Its sulfur addition improves chip breaking, but corrosion resistance and weldability must be reviewed against the environment and joining method.

Material Properties

Stainless Steel 303 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	586 MPa
Yield Strength	310 MPa
Elongation	50%

Typical · Alloy 303 plate reference · 20 °C · Elongation over 50.8 mm. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing
Passivation

Attributes

Corrosion Resistance
Cost Effective

Stainless Steel 304 / 304L

Material: MetalStainless Steel

Description

A general-purpose stainless steel used where corrosion resistance and weldability are important. Machining needs control of work hardening, heat and burr formation. Use the specified low-carbon 304L grade where the drawing and welding route require it.

Material Properties

Stainless Steel 304 / 304L Material Properties
Tensile Strength	600 MPa
Yield Strength	290 MPa
Elongation	58%

Typical · 304/304L plate, 9.53 mm · Elongation over 50.8 mm. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Bead Blasting
Passivation
Electropolishing

Attributes

Corrosion Resistance

Stainless Steel 316L

Material: MetalStainless Steel

Description

A low-carbon, molybdenum-alloyed stainless steel for more demanding corrosion environments. Chemical concentration, temperature, cleaning agents and surface condition still determine suitability. Plan chip control and inspection of sealing or fluid-contact features early.

Material Properties

Stainless Steel 316L Material Properties
Tensile Strength	586 MPa
Yield Strength	303 MPa
Elongation	56%

Typical · 316/316L plate, 9.53 mm · Elongation over 50.8 mm. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing
Passivation
Electropolishing

Attributes

Corrosion Resistance

Stainless Steel 316LVM

Material: MetalStainless Steel

Description

A vacuum-remelted austenitic stainless grade selected where cleanliness, composition and material consistency are critical. It must be ordered to the specified medical or engineering standard; ordinary 316L is not an automatic substitute.

Material Properties

Stainless Steel 316LVM Material Properties
Tensile Strength	≥490 MPa
Yield Strength	≥190 MPa
Elongation	45%

Annealed bar/wire · Strength minima; elongation typical. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing
Passivation
Electropolishing

Attributes

Corrosion Resistance

Stainless Steel 17-4PH

Material: MetalStainless Steel

Description

A precipitation-hardening stainless steel for components that need strength together with corrosion resistance. The aging condition is part of the material requirement: it affects hardness, toughness and dimensional change, so machining and heat treatment must be planned together.

Material Properties

Stainless Steel 17-4PH Material Properties
Tensile Strength	1172 MPa
Yield Strength	1069 MPa
Elongation	15%

Typical · Carpenter Custom 630 reference · H950. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing
Passivation

Attributes

High Strength
Corrosion Resistance

Stainless Steel 15-5PH

Material: MetalStainless Steel

Description

A precipitation-hardening stainless steel used for loaded mechanical parts. The required aging condition governs the strength and toughness balance; include dimensional change from heat treatment in the machining and inspection plan.

Material Properties

Stainless Steel 15-5PH Material Properties
Tensile Strength	1269 MPa
Yield Strength	1234 MPa
Elongation	16%

Typical · Carpenter 15Cr-5Ni Project 70+ reference · H925. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing
Passivation

Attributes

High Strength
Corrosion Resistance

Stainless Steel 440C

Material: MetalStainless Steel

Description

A high-carbon martensitic stainless steel selected for hard, wear-resistant contact surfaces. Rough machining is often planned before hardening, followed by grinding or finishing to the final tolerance.

Material Properties

Stainless Steel 440C Material Properties
Tensile Strength	1965 MPa
Yield Strength	1896 MPa
Elongation	2%
Brinell Hardness	580 HB

Representative · Hardened at 1900 °F, oil quenched, tempered at 600 °F. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing
Passivation

Attributes

Wear Resistance
High Strength

A short titanium cylinder held in a hand, with a flat circular end and straight sides

Titanium Grade 2

Material: MetalTitanium

Description

A commercially pure titanium grade used where corrosion resistance and moderate strength are priorities. It differs from Ti-6Al-4V in strength and machining response, so stock identification and the procurement specification matter.

Material Properties

Titanium Grade 2 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	485 MPa
Yield Strength	345 MPa
Elongation	28%

Typical · TIMETAL 50A, annealed. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing
Titanium Anodizing

Attributes

Lightweight
Corrosion Resistance

Titanium Grade 5 / Ti-6Al-4V

Material: MetalTitanium

Description

An alpha-beta titanium alloy for demanding components where strength relative to weight and corrosion resistance matter. Tool engagement, cooling and heat control need a deliberate machining strategy. Grade 5 and extra-low-interstitial medical grades must not be substituted without approval.

Material Properties

Titanium Grade 5 / Ti-6Al-4V Material Properties
Tensile Strength	≥895 MPa
Yield Strength	≥828 MPa
Elongation	≥10%

Minimum · Annealed bar ≤76.2 mm · ASTM B348 reference. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing
Titanium Anodizing

Attributes

Lightweight
High Strength
Corrosion Resistance

Titanium Grade 23 / Ti-6Al-4V ELI

Material: MetalTitanium

Description

The extra-low-interstitial form of Ti-6Al-4V, considered where toughness and tightly controlled chemistry are important. Grade 23 is separately specified from Grade 5; the alloy name alone does not establish finished-device suitability.

Material Properties

Titanium Grade 23 / Ti-6Al-4V ELI Material Properties
Tensile Strength	≥860 MPa
Yield Strength	≥795 MPa
Elongation	≥10%

Minimum · Annealed ELI bar <44.45 mm · ASTM F136 reference. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing
Titanium Anodizing

Attributes

Lightweight
High Strength
Corrosion Resistance

Alloy Steel 4140

Material: MetalAlloy Steel

Description

A chromium-molybdenum alloy steel used for shafts and loaded mechanical parts. Annealed and quenched-and-tempered stock need different cutting conditions; final hardness and distortion control should be settled before production.

Material Properties

Alloy Steel 4140 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	655 MPa
Yield Strength	415 MPa
Elongation	25.7%

Typical · Annealed stock reference. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Black Oxide
Electroless Nickel Plating

Attributes

High Strength
Wear Resistance

Alloy Steel 4340

Material: MetalAlloy Steel

Description

A nickel-chromium-molybdenum steel considered for highly loaded components that need hardenability and toughness. Machining, heat treatment and any finish grinding are planned around the supplied and final material conditions.

Material Properties

Alloy Steel 4340 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	745 MPa
Yield Strength	470 MPa
Elongation	22%

Typical · Annealed stock reference. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Black Oxide
Electroless Nickel Plating

Attributes

High Strength
Wear Resistance

Cylindrical Inconel stock with a visible cut end face

INCONEL 718

Material: MetalNickel Alloy

Description

A precipitation-hardenable nickel-chromium alloy used where high-temperature strength is a design driver. Machining effort, work hardening and tool wear influence cost. Define the supply condition and heat-treatment route before releasing a machining plan.

Material Properties

INCONEL 718 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	1324 MPa
Yield Strength	1069 MPa
Elongation	21%

Typical · Annealed and aged sheet, 0.254 mm, longitudinal · 24 °C · Bulletin Table 28. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing
Bead Blasting

Attributes

High Strength
Heat Resistance
Corrosion Resistance

INCONEL 625

Material: MetalNickel Alloy

Description

A nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy used for corrosion resistance in demanding environments. Unlike 718, its usual strengthening mechanism is solid solution; machining still requires control of work hardening, heat and tool wear.

Material Properties

INCONEL 625 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	827–1034 MPa
Yield Strength	414–655 MPa
Elongation	30–60%

Nominal ranges · Annealed rod/bar/plate up to 101.6 mm · Bulletin Table 5. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing
Bead Blasting

Attributes

Corrosion Resistance
Heat Resistance

A solid brass cylinder with a circular cut face and visible machining lines

Copper C101 OFHC / C10100 OFE

Material: MetalCopper

Description

High-purity oxygen-free copper for demanding electrical and thermal components. C10100 is formally designated oxygen-free electronic (OFE); confirm this exact grade when an RFQ uses the broader commercial term OFHC.

Material Properties

Copper C101 OFHC / C10100 OFE Material Properties
Tensile Strength	290 MPa
Yield Strength (0.5% Extension)	248 MPa
Elongation	14%

Typical · C10100 H02 flat product, 1.016 mm · Yield at 0.5% extension under load. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing
Nickel Plating
Silver Plating

Attributes

Electrical Conductivity

Copper C102 OFHC / C10200

Material: MetalCopper

Description

Oxygen-free copper used for conductive parts and specified vacuum or joining applications. C10200 has its own composition and acceptance requirements; it should not be confused with oxygen-containing C11000 or higher-purity C10100.

Material Properties

Copper C102 OFHC / C10200 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	290 MPa
Yield Strength (0.5% Extension)	248 MPa
Elongation	14%

Typical · C10200 H02 flat product, 1.016 mm · Yield at 0.5% extension under load. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing
Nickel Plating
Silver Plating

Attributes

Electrical Conductivity

Copper C11000

Material: MetalCopper

Description

Electrolytic tough-pitch copper is selected for electrical and thermal conduction. Its ductility calls for sharp tools and careful burr control. Specify the temper and review joining conditions; C11000 is not an oxygen-free copper grade.

Material Properties

Copper C11000 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	262 MPa
Yield Strength (0.5% Extension)	207 MPa
Elongation	25%

Typical · C11000 H01 flat product, 1.016 mm · Yield at 0.5% extension under load. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing
Tin Plating
Nickel Plating

Attributes

Electrical Conductivity

Brass C36000

Material: MetalBrass

Description

Free-cutting brass is well suited to intricate turned features, threads and efficient repeat production. C36000 contains lead; review composition restrictions and application requirements before specifying it for fluid-contact or regulated products.

Material Properties

Brass C36000 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	400 MPa
Yield Strength (0.5% Extension)	310 MPa
Elongation	25%

Typical · C36000 H02 rod, 25.4 mm · Yield at 0.5% extension under load. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing
Nickel Plating

Attributes

Cost Effective

Carbon Steel 1018

Material: MetalCarbon Steel

Description

A low-carbon steel for general mechanical parts, fixtures and spacers. Cold-drawn stock offers useful dimensional control, but residual stress, surface protection and the required stock condition still need review.

Material Properties

Carbon Steel 1018 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	440 MPa
Yield Strength	370 MPa
Elongation	15%

Typical · Cold-finished stock reference. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Black Oxide
Electroless Nickel Plating

Attributes

Cost Effective

Carbon Steel 1045

Material: MetalCarbon Steel

Description

A medium-carbon steel used for shafts, pins and wear-conscious mechanical components. Its heat-treatment response differs from low-carbon 1018, and the required hardness determines the machining and finishing sequence.

Material Properties

Carbon Steel 1045 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	627 MPa
Yield Strength	531 MPa
Elongation	12%

Niagara LaSalle 1045 product reference · Elongation over 50.8 mm. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Black Oxide
Electroless Nickel Plating

Attributes

High Strength
Cost Effective

Free-Machining Steel 1215

Material: MetalFree-Machining Steel

Description

A resulfurized and rephosphorized free-machining steel for efficient turned production. Its composition favors chip breaking; welding, toughness and environmental exposure must be reviewed rather than assuming general structural-steel behavior.

Material Properties

Free-Machining Steel 1215 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	538 MPa
Yield Strength	414 MPa
Elongation	10%

Niagara LaSalle 1215 product reference · Elongation over 50.8 mm. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Black Oxide
Electroless Nickel Plating

Attributes

Cost Effective

Free-Machining Steel 12L14

Material: MetalFree-Machining Steel

Description

A leaded free-machining steel for detailed turned features and repeat production. Lead content can exclude it from some applications, so composition restrictions and the intended use must be confirmed before procurement.

Material Properties

Free-Machining Steel 12L14 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	540 MPa
Yield Strength	415 MPa
Elongation	10%

Typical · Cold-drawn / cold-finished stock. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Black Oxide
Electroless Nickel Plating

Attributes

Cost Effective

Tool Steel A2

Material: MetalTool Steel

Description

An air-hardening cold-work tool steel used where wear resistance and toughness must be balanced. Rough machining, stress relief, hardening and final grinding are considered together for precise tooling.

Material Properties

Tool Steel A2 Material Properties
Compressive Yield Strength (0.2%)	2200 MPa
Elastic Modulus	190 GPa
Hardness	62 HRC

Approximate · Uddeholm Rigor reference, hardened and tempered to 62 HRC. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Heat Treatment
Precision Grinding

Attributes

Wear Resistance
High Strength

Tool Steel D2

Material: MetalTool Steel

Description

A high-carbon, high-chromium cold-work tool steel selected for abrasive wear resistance. Carbides affect cutting and grinding, while edge toughness and heat-treatment distortion remain part of the tooling review.

Material Properties

Tool Steel D2 Material Properties
Compressive Yield Strength (0.2%)	2200 MPa
Elastic Modulus	210 GPa
Hardness	62 HRC

Approximate · Uddeholm Sverker 21 reference, hardened and tempered to 62 HRC. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Heat Treatment
Precision Grinding

Attributes

Wear Resistance
High Strength

Tool Steel H13

Material: MetalTool Steel

Description

A chromium-molybdenum-vanadium hot-work tool steel considered for tooling exposed to thermal cycling. Machining usually starts from annealed stock, with final hardening and finishing selected for the tooling duty.

Material Properties

Tool Steel H13 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	1420 MPa
Yield Strength	1280 MPa
Hardness	45 HRC

Approximate · Uddeholm Orvar Supreme reference, hardened and tempered to 45 HRC. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Heat Treatment
Precision Grinding

Attributes

Heat Resistance
Wear Resistance

Mold Steel P20

Material: MetalTool Steel

Description

A mold steel often supplied prehardened so cavities and support features can be machined with less need for subsequent through-hardening. The exact P20 variant and supplied hardness affect cutting strategy and polishing response.

Material Properties

Mold Steel P20 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	1020 MPa
Yield Strength	900 MPa
Brinell Hardness	325 HB

Approximate · Modified P20, Uddeholm Impax Supreme reference · 325 HB, 90 × 300 mm bar. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing
Precision Grinding

Attributes

High Strength
Cost Effective

Bearing Bronze C93200

Material: MetalBronze

Description

A leaded tin bearing bronze used for bushings and sliding contact parts. Bearing performance depends on lubrication, load, clearance and mating surface; the alloy contains lead and requires an application-specific composition review.

Material Properties

Bearing Bronze C93200 Material Properties
Tensile Strength	≥241 MPa
Yield Strength (0.5% Extension)	≥138 MPa
Elongation	≥10%

Minimum · Continuous cast, ASTM B505/B505M-23 reference · Elongation over 50 mm. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Mechanical Polishing

Attributes

Wear Resistance

Gray Cast Iron / Continuous-Cast Bar

Material: MetalCast Iron

Description

Gray iron stock is considered for wear surfaces and components that benefit from vibration damping. Its graphite structure differs from steel and ductile iron; grade, section size and casting quality define the material requirement.

Material Properties

Gray Cast Iron / Continuous-Cast Bar Material Properties
Tensile Strength	≥276 MPa
Brinell Hardness	183–269 HB
Yield Strength / Elongation	Not applicable to gray iron

Dura-Bar G2 reference · Tensile minimum from separately cast ASTM B test bar; hardness for 76.2–508 mm bar. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Precision Grinding
Protective Painting

Attributes

Wear Resistance
Cost Effective

White and black polymer round stock with solid circular ends

PEEK

Material: PlasticPEEK

Description

A high-performance thermoplastic for demanding thermal, chemical and mechanical environments. Unfilled, reinforced and bearing grades have different properties. Medical, vacuum or regulated uses need the exact grade and application-specific qualification.

Material Properties

PEEK Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	116 MPa
Tensile Modulus	4200 MPa
Elongation At Break	15%

Typical · TECAPEEK natural · ISO 527-2. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Heat Resistance
Wear Resistance
Electrical Insulation

PEEK (Medical Grade)

Material: PlasticPEEK

Description

A separately specified medical-grade PEEK option with supplier documentation and traceability suited to the intended application. Industrial PEEK, instrument-grade medical PEEK and implant-grade PEEK must not be treated as interchangeable.

Material Properties

PEEK (Medical Grade) Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	116 MPa
Tensile Modulus	4200 MPa
Elongation At Break	15%

Typical · TECAPEEK MT natural reference · ISO 527-2; medical formulations differ. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Heat Resistance
Wear Resistance
Electrical Insulation

PTFE

Material: PlasticPTFE

Description

A fluoropolymer for chemically demanding environments and low-friction interfaces. Its low stiffness and creep behavior need to be considered for loaded features, thin sections and long-term sealing performance.

Material Properties

PTFE Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Break	22 MPa
Elongation At Break	220%
Density	2.15 g/cm³

Typical · TECAFLON PTFE natural · Strength and elongation at break, ASTM D1708. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Heat Resistance
Electrical Insulation

PCTFE

Material: PlasticPCTFE

Description

A fluoropolymer considered for low-permeability seals and chemically demanding components. Its barrier behavior and dimensional needs must be evaluated with the actual gas or liquid, temperature and pressure conditions.

Material Properties

PCTFE Material Properties
Tensile Strength	32–37 MPa
Elongation	50–200%
Specific Gravity	2.11–2.16

Typical · NEOFLON M-300H resin reference · ASTM D1430; molding affects finished stock. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Corrosion Resistance
Electrical Insulation

POM-C (Acetal)

Material: PlasticAcetal

Description

An engineering plastic for precision bushings, gears and sliding parts. POM-C combines stiffness, good machinability and low moisture uptake. Review load, operating temperature and cleaning chemistry before using it as a metal replacement.

Material Properties

POM-C (Acetal) Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	67 MPa
Tensile Modulus	2800 MPa
Elongation At Break	32%

Typical · TECAFORM AH natural · ISO 527-2. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Wear Resistance
Electrical Insulation
Cost Effective

ESD-Safe POM

Material: PlasticAcetal

Description

Electrically modified acetal for parts that require static control as well as machinability. Conductive and static-dissipative grades occupy different resistance ranges; neither the POM name nor black color defines ESD performance.

Material Properties

ESD-Safe POM Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	39 MPa
Tensile Modulus	1300 MPa
Elongation At Break	23%

Typical · TECAFORM AH SD reference · ISO 527-2; ESD formulations differ. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Wear Resistance
Static Control

Nylon PA 6

Material: PlasticNylon

Description

A tough engineering plastic for wear parts and mechanical guides. Moisture conditioning affects dimensions and mechanical behavior, so storage, operating humidity and inspection condition belong in the tolerance discussion.

Material Properties

Nylon PA 6 Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	78 MPa
Tensile Modulus	3300 MPa
Elongation At Break	130%

Typical · TECAMID 6 natural · As machined, ISO 527-2; moisture sensitive. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Wear Resistance
Electrical Insulation

PPSU

Material: PlasticPPSU

Description

A tough amorphous thermoplastic considered for hot-water exposure and repeated steam sterilization. Verify the specific grade against cleaning agents, sterilization cycles and the mechanical requirements of the machined part.

Material Properties

PPSU Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	81 MPa
Tensile Modulus	2300 MPa
Elongation At Break	50%

Typical · TECASON P white · ISO 527-2. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Heat Resistance
Electrical Insulation

PEI (Ultem)

Material: PlasticPEI

Description

A stiff amorphous thermoplastic used for electrical insulation and elevated-temperature components. Unfilled and glass-filled PEI have different machining and wear behavior, so the exact resin and stock grade must be identified.

Material Properties

PEI (Ultem) Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	127 MPa
Tensile Modulus	3200 MPa
Elongation At Break	35%

Typical · Unfilled TECAPEI natural · ISO 527-2. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Heat Resistance
Electrical Insulation

UHMWPE

Material: PlasticPolyethylene

Description

A tough, low-friction polyethylene used for wear strips, guides and impact-prone parts. Its low stiffness, thermal expansion and creep make tight tolerances and sustained loading different from acetal or metal components.

Material Properties

UHMWPE Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	>18 MPa
Tensile Modulus	>500 MPa
Elongation At Break	>50%

Guideline · Polystone M Soft natural, extruded · ISO 527. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Wear Resistance
Corrosion Resistance

Polycarbonate (PC)

Material: PlasticPolycarbonate

Description

An impact-resistant plastic for clear components and protective parts. Optical finish, residual machining stress and chemical compatibility require attention. Review cleaning agents and the risk of stress cracking before choosing PC.

Material Properties

Polycarbonate (PC) Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	69 MPa
Tensile Modulus	2200 MPa
Elongation At Break	90%

Typical · TECANAT natural · ISO 527-2. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring
Mechanical Polishing

Attributes

Electrical Insulation

Nylon / PA 66

Material: PlasticNylon

Description

An engineering nylon for wear parts, gears and mechanical supports. Moisture absorption changes dimensions and properties; PA 66 is a separate grade from PA 6 and must be checked in the intended conditioning state.

Material Properties

Nylon / PA 66 Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	84 MPa
Tensile Modulus	3500 MPa
Elongation At Break	70%

Typical · TECAMID 66 natural · As machined, ISO 527-2; moisture sensitive. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Wear Resistance
Electrical Insulation

POM-H / Acetal Homopolymer

Material: PlasticAcetal

Description

Acetal homopolymer is considered for stiff, low-friction precision components. It differs from POM-C in its property profile and stock characteristics; inspect any porosity-sensitive or fluid-sealing application against the selected stock grade.

Material Properties

POM-H / Acetal Homopolymer Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	79 MPa
Tensile Modulus	3400 MPa
Elongation At Break	45%

Typical · TECAFORM AD natural · ISO 527-2. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Wear Resistance
Electrical Insulation

ABS

Material: PlasticABS

Description

A machinable, impact-conscious plastic for prototypes, covers and housings. Service heat, solvent exposure and cosmetic finish need review; stress from clamping or machining can affect thin and detailed parts.

Material Properties

ABS Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	32 MPa
Tensile Modulus	1700 MPa
Elongation At Break	49%

Typical · TECARAN ABS grey · ISO 527-2. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Cost Effective
Electrical Insulation

Acrylic / PMMA

Material: PlasticAcrylic

Description

A clear acrylic plastic used for viewing components and appearance-sensitive parts. Its comparatively brittle edges require careful workholding and deburring, and an optical finish normally needs a separately agreed polishing process.

Material Properties

Acrylic / PMMA Material Properties
Tensile Strength	72 MPa
Tensile Modulus	3103 MPa
Tensile Elongation	4.9%

Typical · OPTIX G-Series cell cast sheet · ASTM D638; converted from psi. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring
Mechanical Polishing

Attributes

Electrical Insulation

PET / PET-P

Material: PlasticPolyester

Description

A semi-crystalline polyester used for dimensionally controlled sliding and mechanical parts. Stock grade and conditioning remain important; heat at the tool and stress in thin sections can affect finished dimensions.

Material Properties

PET / PET-P Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	79 MPa
Tensile Modulus	3100 MPa
Elongation At Break	10%

Typical · TECAPET white · ISO 527-2. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Wear Resistance
Electrical Insulation

PBT

Material: PlasticPolyester

Description

A semi-crystalline polyester considered for electrical and dimensionally stable components. Unfilled and glass-filled stock need different cutting and edge-finishing strategies; verify chemical and hot-water exposure for the intended grade.

Material Properties

PBT Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	55 MPa
Tensile Modulus	2930 MPa
Elongation At Break	30%

Guideline · Sustadur PBT · 23 °C, ASTM D638; converted from psi. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Electrical Insulation

PPS

Material: PlasticPPS

Description

A high-performance thermoplastic used where heat and chemical exposure constrain ordinary engineering plastics. Filled and unfilled grades behave differently; brittle edges and abrasive fillers influence machining and inspection.

Material Properties

PPS Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	94 MPa
Tensile Modulus	5769 MPa
Elongation At Break	2.5%

Typical · Unfilled TECATRON natural · 23 °C, ASTM D638; converted from psi. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Heat Resistance
Corrosion Resistance
Electrical Insulation

HDPE

Material: PlasticPolyethylene

Description

A tough polyethylene for chemically exposed components, simple guides and fixtures. Low stiffness and thermal movement require generous support during machining and realistic expectations for loaded or tightly toleranced features.

Material Properties

HDPE Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	>22 MPa
Tensile Modulus	>1000 MPa
Elongation At Break	>50%

Guideline · Polystone G HD black, pressed · ISO 527. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Corrosion Resistance
Cost Effective

Polypropylene / PP

Material: PlasticPolypropylene

Description

A lightweight thermoplastic considered for chemical-contact parts and fixtures. Its flexibility, expansion and creep require support during cutting; homopolymer and copolymer stock must be selected for the actual service conditions.

Material Properties

Polypropylene / PP Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	32 MPa
Density	0.91 g/cm³
Shore Hardness	72 D

Typical · Polystone P homopolymer reference · 23 °C, ASTM D638. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Corrosion Resistance
Cost Effective

Rigid PVC / PVC-U

Material: PlasticPVC

Description

A rigid, unplasticized PVC used for selected chemical-handling and insulating components. Machining must control local heating and edge damage; service temperature and chemical compatibility are confirmed for the actual stock grade.

Material Properties

Rigid PVC / PVC-U Material Properties
Tensile Strength At Yield	45 MPa
Tensile Modulus	3000 MPa
Elongation At Break	15%

Guideline · Trovidur PVC-U white · ISO 527. Room-temperature comparison values; confirm the ordered specification.

Compatible Surface Finishes

As Machined
Controlled Deburring

Attributes

Corrosion Resistance
Electrical Insulation

Considerations When Choosing Materials

The best CNC machining material meets the part's functional requirements and supports a stable manufacturing process. Review these six factors before fixing the grade on your drawing.

Strength And Weight

Start with load, stiffness, fatigue and impact requirements. Lightweight aluminum suits many housings; titanium or high-strength grades may be needed for more demanding loads.

Operating Environment

Review moisture, chemicals, corrosion, temperature and cleaning cycles together. The material must remain suitable throughout the part's expected service life.

Tolerances And Stability

Account for residual stress, thermal expansion, plastic moisture uptake and creep. Thin walls, deep pockets and close fits can make stock condition as important as the grade.

Machinability And Total Cost

Compare stock cost with cutting time, tool wear, material yield and inspection effort. A low raw-material price does not necessarily produce the lowest finished-part cost.

Finishes And Treatments

Check anodizing, passivation, coatings and heat-treatment compatibility. Plan dimensional allowances, masking and treatment order before the drawing is released.

Supply And Documentation

Specify the grade, temper, stock form and required records. Confirm sourcing lead time, traceability, composition restrictions and any customer-approved alternatives.

Industry-Specific Material Applications

Application requirements drive the material choice. These examples connect common CNC machining materials with the component functions and engineering checks that matter in each industry.

CNC Machining Material Applications By Industry
Industry	Materials To Consider	Typical Components	Key Requirements
Semiconductor Equipment	6061 Aluminum, 316L Stainless Steel, PEEK	Chamber hardware, precision motion parts and insulators	Vacuum compatibility, outgassing, cleanliness and sealing surfaces
Aerospace	7075 Aluminum, Ti-6Al-4V, INCONEL 718	Loaded brackets, lightweight hardware and high-temperature fittings	Specified alloy and temper, fatigue requirements and heat traceability
Medical Equipment	316L Stainless Steel, PEEK, Specified Titanium Grades	Instrument components, fluid-handling parts and equipment hardware	Grade-specific qualification, cleaning, sterilization and traceability
Robotics And Automation	6061 Aluminum, 17-4PH, POM-C, Nylon	Joint housings, shafts, bushings and wear guides	Weight, stiffness, wear, mating fits and repeat-build consistency
Automotive And Mobility	Aluminum, Stainless Steel, Brass, Engineering Plastics	Sensor bodies, connectors, brackets and mechanical interfaces	Environment, material restrictions, fatigue and production approval
Electronics And Energy	C11000 Copper, Aluminum, PEEK, PTFE	Conductive components, heat-transfer parts and electrical insulators	Conductivity, dielectric performance and service temperature

Our Material Quality Check System

Material quality control includes specification review, incoming inspection, required material testing and heat or batch traceability. Material certificates and inspection records are checked against the drawing and purchase order before finished parts are packed for shipment.

Precision measurement of a machined metal component

01
Material Specification Review
Confirm the material grade, temper or heat-treatment condition, stock form and procurement standard against the drawing and purchase order. Identify the material certificates and test reports required for the production batch.
Drawing And Material Specification
02
Incoming Material Inspection
Check stock markings, dimensions and surface condition against the purchase order. Review the supplier material certificate for the specified grade and condition, and record the inspection results before material is used in machining.
Incoming Inspection And Material Certificate
03
Material Identification And Testing
Where specified, verify material composition, hardness or other properties using the agreed test method and acceptance criteria. Confirm the testing responsibility and laboratory requirements before material procurement.
Specified Material Test Reports
04
Material Lot Traceability
Link the supplier heat or batch number to allocated stock, cut blanks and the production work order. Maintain the identification required to trace finished components to the corresponding material certificate.
Heat / Batch Identification Records
05
Final Inspection And Documentation
Review finished-part inspection results, material certificates and specified heat-treatment or surface-treatment records. Identify and segregate nonconforming parts, and resolve discrepancies before packaging and shipment.
Inspection Reports And Treatment Records

CNC Machining Materials FAQs

What Are The Most Common CNC Machining Materials?

Aluminum, stainless steel, brass, copper and engineering plastics are common CNC machining materials. Titanium and nickel alloys are options for more demanding applications. The right choice depends on function, environment, tolerance, finishing and production requirements.

How Do I Choose Between Aluminum 6061 And 7075?

6061 is a practical general-purpose choice when corrosion resistance, anodizing and weldability matter. 7075 is considered when higher strength is needed at low weight. Review loading, exposure, temper, finish and joining requirements before selecting either alloy.

Can You CNC Machine Engineering Plastics?

Engineering plastics such as POM-C, nylon, PEEK, PTFE and polycarbonate can be CNC machined. Their thermal expansion, moisture response and stiffness differ from metals, so grade selection, workholding and tolerance planning need specific attention.

Are Material Certificates And Traceability Available?

Specify the required material certificate, heat or batch traceability and any independent testing when requesting a quotation. The purchase order and inspection plan define the required records, test methods and acceptance criteria before material procurement.

Can I Specify A Material That Is Not Listed?

Yes. Share the exact grade, specification, stock form, quantity and required records with your drawing. Sourcing, machining feasibility and any proposed alternatives are reviewed before quotation; substitutions require approval.